Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) has been observed to have a higher risk after a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, there have been reports of individuals developing POTS after receiving the Covid-19 vaccine. This phenomenon has been given the name “Long Vax Syndrome” due to the similarity of symptoms to those experienced with long Covid, such as headaches, fatigue, blood pressure issues, and abnormal heart rates that persist for extended periods.
It is essential to note that the number of reported cases of “Long Vax” is much lower compared to long Covid cases. Nevertheless, any potential side effect of the Covid-19 vaccine deserves thorough examination by experts in the field. The limited number of reported cases thus far has made it challenging to study this syndrome extensively.
A pre-print study published on May 17, 2022, examined 23 patients who experienced nerve-related symptoms within a month after vaccination. The patients ranged in age from 27 to 71, primarily being women without previous neurological illnesses. These individuals reported severe sensations, such as pins and needles, on their faces or limbs. Additionally, a majority of them (61%) experienced POTS, heat intolerance, and irregular heartbeats. Further testing confirmed POTS in six patients, while seven demonstrated reduced sweat production in their limbs.
Researchers, led by Farinaz Safavi, M.D., Ph.D., and Avindra Nath, M.D., from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, conducted skin biopsies on 16 patients, focusing on the lower legs. The results revealed changes and swelling in the nerves, with 19% showing abnormal nerve axon swelling. Furthermore, chemical reactions were detected in the cells lining the blood vessels, indicating immune system responses. In total, 52% of patients showed evidence of small-fiber peripheral neuropathy, suggesting an immune system reaction causing inflammation in nerve cells.
Treatment with oral corticosteroids resulted in significant symptom improvement for those who received it, while individuals who did not receive immunotherapy had limited recovery. In some cases, intravenous immunoglobulin led to the resolution of symptoms within two weeks.
Though the pre-print study has not yet been officially published in a peer-reviewed journal, it is not the only report of POTS and related symptoms following Covid-19 vaccination. Other studies have also highlighted the possibility of a connection between POTS and vaccination.
To address these concerns, the Yale LISTEN Study, led by Akiko Iwasaki, PhD, and Harlan Krumholz, MD, SM, aims to understand Long Covid, post-vaccine adverse events, and immune responses. They are collecting information and samples from participants to gain insights into these conditions.
It is crucial to listen to individuals experiencing unusual symptoms after Covid-19 vaccination and address their concerns. While misinformation and conspiracy theories may circulate, there is no evidence supporting claims of vaccines causing extreme side effects. However, the possibility of “Long Vax” syndrome requires further investigation, considering anecdotal reports and the potential for underreporting. Ultimately, the benefits of the Covid-19 vaccines outweigh the potential risks.
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Jessica Irvine is a tech enthusiast specializing in gadgets. From smart home devices to cutting-edge electronics, Jessica explores the world of consumer tech, offering readers comprehensive reviews, hands-on experiences, and expert insights into the coolest and most innovative gadgets on the market.
